Xét nghiệm chức năng gan (liver function test)
Written by Trần Văn Nguyên
| Measurement | Significance | Reference range |
| Alanine transaminase (ALT) | Alanine transaminase (ALT), also called Serum Glutamic Pyruvate Transaminase (SGPT) or Alanine aminotransferase (ALAT) is an enzyme present in hepatocytes (liver cells). When a cell is damaged, it leaks this enzyme into the blood, where it is measured. ALT rises dramatically in acute liver damage, such as viral hepatitis or paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose. Elevations are often measured in multiples of the upper limit of normal (ULN). | 5 to 40 IU/L |
| Aspartate transaminase (AST) | Aspartate transaminase (AST) also called Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase (SGOT) or aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) is similar to ALT in that it is another enzyme associated with liver parenchymal cells. It is raised in acute liver damage, but is also present in red blood cells, and cardiac and skeletal muscle and is therefore not specific to the liver. The ratio of AST to ALT is sometimes useful in differentiating between causes of liver damage.[2][3] Elevated AST levels are not specific for liver damage, and AST has also been used as a cardiac marker. | 10 to 40 IU/L |
| Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) | Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme in the cells lining the biliary ducts of the liver. ALP levels in plasma will rise with large bile duct obstruction, intrahepatic cholestasis or infiltrative diseases of the liver. ALP is also present in bone and placental tissue, so it is higher in growing children (as their bones are being remodelled) and elderly patients with Paget’s disease. | 30 to 120 IU/L |
| Total bilirubin (TBIL) | Bilirubin is a breakdown product of heme (a part of haemoglobin in red blood cells). The liver is responsible for clearing the blood of bilirubin. It does this by the following mechanism: bilirubin is taken up into hepatocytes, conjugated (modified to make it water-soluble), and secreted into the bile, which is excreted into the intestine. Increased total bilirubin causes jaundice, and can signal a number of problems:
|
2 - 14 μmol/L |
| Direct bilirubin | The diagnosis is narrowed down further by looking at the levels of direct bilirubin.
|
0 - 4 μmol/L |
Đăng bởi:
ycantho - Ngày đăng:
16/04/2011
