1. The diaphragm

(a) Develops from the septum transversum and cervical myotomes

(b) Receives a nerve supply from both the phrenic and intercostal nerves

(c) An opening in the central tendon transmits the left phrenic nerve

(d) The inferior vena cava passes through the diaphragm at the level of the T12 vertebra

(e) The aorta passes through the diaphragm at the level of the T8 vertebra

Answer: ab

2. The oesophagus

(a) Is 40 cm in length

(b) In the thorax passes behind the left main bronchus

(c) Is lined by stratified squamous epithelium in the upper two-thirds

(d) Is lined by transitional epithelium in the lower one-third

(e) Drains all of its blood into the azygos and hemiazygos veins

         Answer: bc

3. The radial nerve

(a) Is the principal branch of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus

(b) Is derived from the posterior primary rami of the C5 to T1 nerve roots

(c) Is the main nerve supply to the extensor compartments of the arm and forearm

(d) Gives rise to the anterior interosseous nerve

(e) Supplies sensation to the extensor aspect of the radial three and a half digits

Answer: ace

4. The thymus gland

(a) Lies within the posterior mediastinum

(b) Develops from the fourth pharyngeal pouch

(c) Decreases in size with age

(d) Is made up of cells of endodermal origin

(e) Descends anterior to the brachiocephalic vein

         answer: cde

5. Scalenus anterior

(a) Is an accessory muscle of respiration

(b) Separates the subclavian vein from the subclavian artery and brachial plexus

(c) Is pierced by the phrenic nerve

(d) Inserts into the scalene tubercle on the second rib

(e) Lies anterior to the suprascapular artery

Answer: a,b

6. The axilla contains

(a) The cords of the brachial plexus

(b) The superior thoracic artery

(c) The latissimus dorsi muscle in its medial wall

(d) The thoracodorsal nerve in its posterior wall

(e) The long thoracic nerve in its medial wall

         Answer: abde

7. The common bile duct

(a) Lies in the free edge of the lesser omentum

(b) Lies anterior to the portal vein

(c) Lies to the right of the hepatic artery

(d) May open into the duodenum independent of the pancreatic duct

(e) Lies anterior to the first part of the duodenum

Answer: abcd

8. The following structures pass under the inguinal ligament

(a) The tendon of psoas major

(b) The femoral branch of the genitofemoral nerve

(c) The long saphenous vein

(d) The superficial epigastric vein

(e) The superficial femoral artery

Answer: ab

9. The pancreas gland

(a) Lies anterior to the left kidney

(b) Derives part of its blood supply from the splenic artery

(c) Has parts in both the supracolic and infracolic compartments

(d) Is pierced by the middle colic artery

(e) The junction of the splenic and superior mesenteric veins lies behind the gland

Answer: abce

10. A common peroneal nerve palsy

(a) Can occur following a fracture of the neck of the fibula

(b) Causes loss of extension of the big toe

(c) Causes a characteristic foot drop

(d) Causes loss of inversion of the foot

(e) Produces anaesthesia of the sole of the foot

Answer: abc.