The laryngeal mask airway is a supraglottic airway device invented by Archie Brain, a British anaesthetist.
Indications:
Laryngeal masks are used in anesthesia and in emergency medicine for airway management. The main use of the laryngeal mask is in elective anaesthesia, however it is also useful in situations where manipulation of the head or neck to facilitate endotracheal intubation is difficult.
Contraindication :
patient with risk of gastric aspiration, subglottic airway abstruction, morbidly obese patients
Describe:
A wide bore tube whose distal end is attached to an elliptical cuff that can bee inflated through a pilot tube. The cuff an tube seat in the hypopharynx, resting above the glottis.
Advantages:
Less invasive
Very useful in difficult intubations
Less tooth and pharyngeal trauma
Does not require muscle relaxation
Does not require neck mobility
Does not require direct laryngoscopy
No risk of esophageal or endobronchial intubation
Disadvantages:
Increased risk of gastrointestinal aspiration.
Less safe on prone or jackknife position
Less secure airway
Can cause gastric distention.
The Laryngeal mask airway is available in 8 sizes. The sizes number, its outer diameter, inner diameter, the valume of air required for inflating it and sizes of the patient for whom it can be used are tubulated in the table below
Xem video để hiểu thêm cách sử dụng:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sBps7rxYVg8
References:
http://www.airwaycarnival.com/LMA.htm#top
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laryngeal_mask_airway
Anaesthesiology for Nurses By S Ahanatha Pillai
Paramedic: Airway Management By Gregg S. Margolis, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Caudal anaesthesia (03/01/2011)
