*Etiology:
Inferior wall infarcts, late stages of heart failure with severe pulmonary hypertension (pulmonary artery systolic pressure >55 mmHg and it is reversible in part if pulmonary hypertension is relieved), ischemic heart disease and dilated cardiomyopathy, defects of the atrioventricular canal.
*Symptoms:
-Systemic venous congestion and reduction of CO.
-A prominent RV pulsation along the left parasternal region and a blowing holosystolic murmur along the lower left sternal margin, which may be intensified during inspiration and reduced during expiration or the strain of the Valsalva maneuver (Carvallo’s sign), are characteristic findings; AF is usually present.
*Treatment: Tricuspid annuloplasty or replacement may be required for severe TR with primary involvement of the valve.