Patients presenting with a new thyroid nodule or a change in the size of an existing nodular goitre or associated lymphadenopathy should be seen within 2 weeks at a specialised thyroid clinic
Thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system
Thyroid cancers can be Classified according to their histopathological characteristics :
1) Differentiated tumors :
+ papillary thyroid cancer (PTC)
+ follicular thyroid cancer (FTC)
are often curable, and the prognosis is good for patients identified with early-stage disease
2) Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is aggressive, responds poorly to treatment, and is associated with a bleak prognosis.
incidence: ~9/100,000 per year
10 Risk Factors for Thyroid Carcinoma in Patients with Thyroid Nodule
History of head and neck irradiation
Age <20 or >45 years
Bilateral disease
Increased nodule size (>4 cm)
New or enlarging neck mass
Male sex
Family history of thyroid cancer or MEN 2
Vocal cord paralysis, hoarse voice
Nodule fixed to adjacent structures
Extrathyroidal extension
Suspected lymph node involvement
Iodine deficiency (follicular cancer)
Well-Differentiated Thyroid Cancer
+ papillary thyroid cancer (PTC)
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